What causes an orofacial myofunctional disorder?

It is often difficult to identify a single cause for an orofacial myofunctional disorder. Most disorders involve a combination of factors that may include:

• An airway restriction from enlarged tonsils or adenoids, allergies or anatomical deviations involving the nasal cavity or pharynx.
• Improper oral habits such as thumb or finger sucking, cheek or nail biting, teeth clenching or grinding.
• Neurological and sensori-neural developmental delays or abnormalities.
• Structural or physiological abnormalities such as short lingual frenum (tongue-tie).
• Hereditary predisposition to any of the above factors.